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In today’s fast-paced digital world, where technology has permeated every aspect of our lives, it’s imperative that our legal systems adapt to these advancements. The 22nd Law Commission, under the able leadership of Justice (retd) Ritu Raj Awasthi, has recognized the pressing need for embracing technology in the realm of law enforcement. In its latest report, the Commission has recommended the creation of a Centralized National Portal for the registration of Electronic First Information Reports (E-FIRs). This progressive move aims to streamline the process of reporting crimes, reduce delays in FIR registration, and enhance accountability in our criminal justice system.

One of the most persistent issues plaguing our criminal justice system has been the delay in registering First Information Reports (FIRs). Victims of crimes often find themselves entangled in bureaucratic red tape, struggling to have their complaints officially acknowledged. The delay in FIR registration not only impedes the pursuit of justice but can also lead to the loss of crucial evidence and witnesses becoming less reliable over time.

The Law Commission’s recommendation to enable E-FIR registration aligns seamlessly with the National e-Governance Plan of the Government of India. In an era where digital governance is becoming the norm, ensuring that citizens can report crimes online is not just a convenience but a necessity. It reflects the government’s commitment to leveraging technology for the betterment of society.

Recognizing the need for a cautious and practical approach, the Commission suggests enabling E-FIR registration in a phased manner. Initially, this facility should be made available for offenses with punishments of up to three years of imprisonment. This phased implementation allows stakeholders to assess the system’s effectiveness and, at the same time, minimize the risk of potential misuse.

By starting with less serious offenses, the proposed system can be thoroughly tested. If found effective, its scope can then be expanded through subsequent amendments. This pragmatic approach ensures that any teething issues are identified and addressed before E-FIRs become applicable to more serious crimes.

Currently, under the umbrella of the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS), eight states already permit E-FIR registration. Additionally, several states have introduced online complaint registration systems, which can later be converted into FIRs. These initiatives reflect a growing recognition of the importance of leveraging technology in the criminal justice process.

During the preparation of its report, the Law Commission engaged in extensive consultations with various stakeholders, including the Crime Records Bureau and the Bureau of Police Research & Development, as well as academicians, advocates, and senior police officers. This collaborative approach ensures that the recommendations are grounded in practicality and are well-informed by the insights and experiences of those involved in law enforcement and legal practice.

The need for E-FIRs extends beyond mere convenience. It is a call for accountability and efficiency in our criminal justice system. Prompt registration of FIRs is crucial not only for the victims but also for law enforcement agencies. It allows them to take immediate action, gather evidence, and pursue leads effectively.

In 2017, the Conference of Directors General of Police (DGPs) and Inspectors General of Police (IGPs) highlighted the importance of amending Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) to enable online FIR registration. This recommendation, which came from the highest echelons of law enforcement, underscores the urgency and consensus surrounding this issue.

The Law Commission’s recommendation for the creation of a Centralized National Portal for E-FIR registration is a significant step towards modernizing our criminal justice system. It acknowledges the transformative power of technology and its potential to make our legal processes more accessible, efficient, and accountable.

By enabling citizens to report crimes in real time through E-FIRs, we not only empower the victims but also provide law enforcement agencies with the tools they need to swiftly respond to and investigate crimes. It’s a win-win proposition that can help ensure a more just and secure society.

In an era where information flows at the speed of light, our legal systems must keep pace. E-FIRs are not just the need of the hour; they are the need of the future. It’s time to embrace technology as a force for good in the pursuit of justice.

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